Nk’uko bigaragara ku rubuga rwa interineti rw’ikinyamakuru “Icyumweru cy’ubucuruzi” cyo muri Amerika ku ya 6 Mutarama, kubera ko umusaruro w’ibikomoka kuri peteroli udahenze gusa, ahubwo uzana no kwangiza ibidukikije no kuzamura ibiciro by’ibiribwa.
Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, mu 2007, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zashyizeho itegeko ryo gukora litiro miliyari 9 za lisansi ivanze na lisansi mu 2008, kandi iyi mibare izagera kuri miliyari 36 muri 2022. Muri 2013, EPA yasabye ibigo bitanga peteroli kongera miliyari 14 ya Ethanol y'ibigori na miliyari 2.75 za lisansi yateye imbere ikomoka ku biti no mu bigori. Muri 2009, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi nawo washyizeho intego: muri 2020, Ethanol igomba kuba 10% bya peteroli yose itwara abantu. Nubwo ikiguzi cyo gukora Ethanol ari kinini, ipfundo ryikibazo ntabwo aribyo, kubera ko iyi politiki muri Amerika no mu Burayi idafasha gukemura ubukene n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije. Ikoreshwa rya Ethanol ku isi ryiyongereyeho gatanu mu myaka irenga icumi ishize kuva mu kinyejana cya 21, kandi izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibiribwa ku isi ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bakene.
Byongeye kandi, kubyara ibicanwa ntibikwiye kwangirika kurengera ibidukikije. Inzira yo guhinga ibihingwa kugeza kubyara Ethanol bisaba imbaraga nyinshi. Amashyamba nayo rimwe na rimwe aratwikwa kugirango ubutaka bukenewe ku bihingwa. Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibyo bibazo byo kubyara ibicanwa, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi na Amerika byagabanije intego z’umusaruro wa Ethanol. Muri Nzeri 2013, Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Uburayi yatoye kugabanya intego yari iteganijwe muri 2020 ikava kuri 10% ikagera kuri 6%, amajwi yatinze aya mategeko kugeza mu 2015. Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije nacyo cyagabanije intego y’umusaruro w’ibikomoka kuri peteroli 2014.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, uruganda rukora ibinyabuzima rwa Ethanol mu gihugu narwo rwahuye n'ikibazo giteye isoni. Mbere, mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ibinyampeke bishaje, leta yemeje ko hubakwa imishinga 4 y’icyitegererezo cy’ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za Ethanol mu gihe cy '“Gahunda y’imyaka icumi”: Jilin Fuel Ethanol Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang China Resources Alcool Co. , Ltd, Henan Tianguan Fuel Group na Anhui Fengyuan Fuel Alcool Co, Ltd. Co., Ltd. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2005, toni miliyoni 1.02 z'ubushobozi bwa peteroli ya Ethanol yateguwe kandi yubatswe n'inganda enye zavuzwe haruguru zose zari zimaze kugera ku musaruro.
Nyamara, icyitegererezo cyambere cyo guteza imbere ibinyabuzima bya Ethanol ukoresheje ibigori nkibikoresho fatizo byagaragaye ko bidakorwa. Nyuma yimyaka itari mike igogorwa ryinshi, itangwa ryimbere mu ngano zishaje rigeze ku ntera yaryo, ntirishobora guhaza ibikoresho fatizo bikenerwa na Ethanol. Ibigo bimwe ndetse bikoresha kugeza kuri 80% byimbuto nshya. Icyakora, uko ibibazo by’umutekano w’ibiribwa bigenda bigaragara, imyumvire ya guverinoma ku ikoreshwa ry’ibigori mu mavuta ya Ethanol nayo yarahindutse ku buryo bugaragara.
Raporo yasohowe n'ikigo gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku nganda zita ku nganda, mu 2006, Leta yasabye “kwibanda cyane cyane ku bitari ibiribwa kandi igateza imbere kandi mu buryo butajegajega iterambere ry’inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli”, hanyuma igarura imbaraga zo kwemeza lisansi zose- imishinga ishingiye kuri guverinoma nkuru; kuva 2007 kugeza 2010, Komisiyo yigihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura inshuro eshatu Birasabwa guhanagura byimazeyo umushinga wo gutunganya ibigori byimbitse. Muri icyo gihe, inkunga ya leta yakiriwe n’amasosiyete ahagarariwe na COFCO Biochemical yagabanutse. Mu mwaka wa 2010, igipimo cy’ingoboka cyoroshye cya Ethanol ya biofuel ku mishinga yagenwe mu Ntara ya Anhui yishimiwe na COFCO Biochemical yari 1.659 yu / toni, nayo yari 396 yu munsi ugereranije n’amafaranga 2,055 muri 2009. Inkunga ya Ethanol y’amavuta muri 2012 yari hasi cyane. Kuri lisansi ya Ethanol ikozwe mu bigori, isosiyete yahawe inkunga ya 500 Yuu kuri toni; kuri lisansi Ethanol ikozwe mubihingwa bitari ingano nk'imyumbati, yakiriye inkunga y'amafaranga 750 kuri toni. Byongeye kandi, guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2015, Leta izabanza guhagarika umusoro ku nyongeragaciro hanyuma isubize politiki yo gusubiza imishinga yagenewe inganda zitanga amavuta ya Ethanol, kandi muri icyo gihe, Ethanol y’amavuta yatanzwe ikoresheje ingano nk'ibikoresho fatizo mu gutegura lisansi ya Ethanol kubinyabiziga nayo izasubukura umusoro wa 5%. umusoro ku byaguzwe.
Mu guhangana n’ibibazo byo guhatana n’abantu ku biribwa n’ubutaka hamwe n’ibiribwa, umwanya w’iterambere rya bioethanol mu gihugu cyanjye uzaba muke mu gihe kiri imbere, kandi inkunga ya politiki izagenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi n’inganda zikora ibinyabuzima bya Ethanol zizahura n’igitutu cy’ibiciro. Ku masosiyete ya lisansi ya Ethanol amenyereye gushingira ku nkunga yo kubaho, ibyerekezo by'iterambere biri imbere ntabwo
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-30-2022