Imyaka 15 irashize, mu rwego rwo gusya ingano zishaje no kurinda ishyaka ry’abahinzi mu guhinga ingano, inganda za Ethanol zavutse mu gihugu cyanjye. Uyu munsi, amateka yahaye inganda za peteroli Ethanol inshingano z’imibereho myiza -kuzamura ireme ry’ibidukikije, guteza imbere ivugurura ry’itangwa ry’ingufu, no guteza imbere ubuhinzi burambye. Ibidukikije byo hanze byafunguye idirishya rishya ryinganda. Inzobere mu nganda zavuze ko kimwe mu byibandwaho mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya Cumi na Gatatu -Yumwaka" y’inganda za peteroli ya Ethanol ari ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bya peteroli ya selile. Gusa nukuzamura politiki kumasoko nikoranabuhanga, inganda za lisansi Ethanol zishobora gutera imbere neza kandi zihamye.
Inganda zihamye
"Mu buryo butandukanye n’ibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti, Ethanol y’igitoro mu gihugu cyanjye ni ibicuruzwa bifite amahame y’inganda n’inganda. Mu 2001, igihugu cyanjye cyashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu ku bijyanye na peteroli ya Ethanol, ibinyabiziga bikoresha amavuta ya peteroli, hamwe na lisansi ya Ethanol. Byatangijwe kandi mu kuzamura lisansi ya Ethanol. Ni ukubera ko ibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa politiki ari byo uruganda rwanjye rwa peteroli rwa Ethanol rushobora gutera imbere guhera mu iterambere kandi rukagira iterambere. "Mu kiganiro twagiranye na umunyamakuru wo mu kinyamakuru cy’Ubushinwa.
Kugeza ubu, uruganda rwanjye rwa peteroli Ethanol rwatangiye gushingwa, rufite umusaruro wa toni miliyoni 2.6 buri mwaka. Kugeza ubu, igihugu cyanjye kimaze gutanga toni zisaga miliyoni 19.8 za lisansi ya Ethanol, ikoresha toni zigera kuri miliyoni 60 z'ibigori (1718, -9.00, -0.52%), ibyo bikaba bihwanye no kugabanya ibicuruzwa bitumizwa muri toni zirenga miliyoni 70 za peteroli. .
Nk’uko Qiao Yingbin abitangaza ngo komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n'ivugurura hamwe n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe ingufu bashinze ishyaka rya gatatu gusuzuma isuzuma ry’iterambere rya lisansi ya Ethanol kuri lisansi y’imodoka mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka. Umutekano n'ibishoboka; icyarimwe, umurimo wo kuzamura indege nawo wageze ku ntego ziteganijwe. Mu rwego rwo gukurura ubuhinzi, kurengera ibidukikije, no gusimbuza ingufu, inyungu z’imibereho, ubukungu, n’ibidukikije ni ngombwa.
"Inganda za lisansi ya Ethanol ntabwo itanga gusa inzira nziza zo gusya ingano zishaje, ahubwo inagira ingaruka zigaragara mu kuzamura ireme ry’ibidukikije ndetse n’ikirere.) Gukoresha ntabwo bizamura agaciro ka octane ya lisansi gusa, ahubwo binarinda umutungo w’amazi yo mu butaka. Muri ahazaza, niba umushinga wa kabiri -gukomokaho utari ingano ya selile ya peteroli ya Ethanol igurishwa, kugabanya karuboni ya dioxyde, kuzamura ireme ryibidukikije, guteza imbere ubuzima bwubuhinzi kubwiza bwikirere ibidukikije, guteza imbere ubuzima bw’ubuhinzi Iterambere no kurengera umutekano w’ingufu z’igihugu bizagira uruhare runini "Qiao Yingbin.
Kwagura igipimo giciriritse
Muri "Gahunda ya Cumi na Gatatu -Yumwaka yo Guteza Imbere Ingufu za Biomass" yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu mu Kwakira 2016, intego y’amavuta ya Ethanol muri 2020 yashyizwe kuri toni miliyoni 4. Muri 2017, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu nacyo cyasobanuye neza muri "Ibitekerezo by’ingufu z’ingufu za 2017" ko umusaruro n’ahantu hakoreshwa ingufu za peteroli ya peteroli ya Ethanol yaguwe mu buryo bukwiye.
Muri iki gihembwe cy’igihugu cy’igihugu muri uyu mwaka, abanyamuryango benshi bahagarariye bavuze kandi ko, bitewe n’uko inganda za Ethanol zifite akamaro kanini mu guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’ubuhinzi, kuzamura ireme ry’ibidukikije, no guhindura imiterere y’ingufu. Twizera ko inzego zibishinzwe zizashyiraho ingengabihe n'ingengabihe yo guteza imbere ingamba za lisansi ya Ethanol vuba bishoboka Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibikorwa byihutisha kuzamura no gukoresha Ethanol; Chen Xiwen, umwe mu bagize komisiyo ihoraho ya komite y'igihugu ya CPPCC, yavuze ko ibiciro bya peteroli byazamutse, bitanga amahirwe menshi yo gukora Ethanol. Du Ying, umwe mu bagize komite y’igihugu y’inama nyunguranabitekerezo ya politiki y’abaturage b’Ubushinwa akaba yarahoze ari umuyobozi wungirije wa komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, yatanze inama ko mu gihe twagura ubushobozi bw’umusaruro, twibanda ku kwagura isoko ry’imodoka ya Ethanol kugira ngo tugere ku bice by'ingenzi; yo gukumira no kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere; Nkurikije isesengura ry’imicungire y’inzego, igihugu cyanjye gifite uburyo bwo guteza imbere byimazeyo Ethanol.
Qiao Yingbin yemera ko kuri ubu ari igihe cyiza cyo kwagura igipimo cy'umusaruro wa Ethanol. Ubwa mbere, ibigori by’ibigori mu gihugu cyanjye ni toni miliyoni 230, zitanga ibikoresho bihagije bya Ethanol. Kwamamaza ibiciro byibigori nabyo bifasha kugabanya ibiciro mubakora. Icya kabiri, ibiciro bya peteroli mpuzamahanga byazamutse Icya gatatu nuko igipimo cy’imisoro ya peteroli Ethanol cyavuye kuri 5% kigera kuri 30%, bikumira neza ingaruka z’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga. Izi ngingo zitezimbere ishyaka ryinganda za Ethanol.
Qiao Yingbin yavuze kandi ko mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya Cumi na Gatatu-Yumwaka", uruganda rw’ibitoro rwa Ethanol mu gihugu cyanjye rwibanze ku iterambere rya kabiri -gutanga ingufu za selile ya selile etanol. Amavuta ya selile ya Ethanol yahinduka ubutunzi bwibyatsi bitarigeze biboneka buri mwaka. Kugabanya umwanda wo gutwika kugirango utange uburyo bushya bwa tekiniki bwo gukoresha umutungo.
Muri icyo kiganiro, umunyamakuru w’ikinyamakuru cy’Ubushinwa cy’Ubushinwa yamenye ko kuri ubu, ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze ry’umusemburo wa Ethanol ya selile yateye intambwe ishimishije, kandi imishinga myinshi y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika, Ubutaliyani, Burezili, Kanada ndetse n’ibindi bihugu yatangiye gukora . urwego rwa tekinike yigihugu cyanjye muriki gice rusanzwe ruhujwe nurwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere. Ibigo nka Henan Tianuan na Shandong Longli byubatsemo ibikoresho-10,000 byerekana -ton, bifite imikorere myiza, ariko bitaragera kubikorwa byubucuruzi. COFCO Biochemical nayo yarangije igeragezwa hagati ya toni -500 / umwaka, kandi ikora toni 50.000 / yumwaka-uburozi bwa karubone, isukari ya karubone, hanyuma ihinduka etanol ya beto.
Politiki igomba gutezwa imbere
Mu iterambere ry’inganda za peteroli Ethanol ku isi, imbaraga zitera icyiciro cya mbere cya politiki zigena niba inganda zishobora gutera imbere byihuse. Reta zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe zunzubumwe za Amerika zikora kandi zikoresha amavuta ya Ethanol. Ubu umusaruro wumwaka ni toni miliyoni 45.75. Ndetse na nyuma yo gucukura gazi nini ya shale nini, gukoresha Ethanol ya peteroli byakomeje kwiyongera. Ibi ahanini biterwa nuruhererekane rwamategeko n'amabwiriza abigenga kugirango aherekeze. Mu mwaka wa 2016, politiki y’ingoboka y’ibikorwa remezo by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi yo muri Amerika yarimo inkunga ingana na miliyoni 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika, 1: 1 itera inkunga ishoramari, miliyoni 200 z’amadolari y’Amerika y’ishoramari ry’ibikorwa remezo, hongewemo amapompo y’ibitoro ya Ethanol 5.000, hamwe na sitasiyo 1400.
. lisansi ya Ethanol, ndende-itajegajega, ikora neza kandi ikora neza bizagena mu buryo butaziguye umuvuduko n’ubuziranenge bw’iterambere ry’inganda "Qiao Yingbin.
Mubyukuri, igihugu cyanjye cyasabye byimazeyo guteza imbere Ethanol ya lisansi ya selile kuva 2006. Komisiyo yigihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu, na minisiteri y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga basobanuye intego n’ibisabwa mu guteza imbere Ethanol y’amavuta ya selile mu buryo bwihariye gahunda. Muri icyo gihe, mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cyo gutwika ibyatsi no kuyikoresha mu buryo bwuzuye, inzego za Leta zibishinzwe zatanze "Itangazo ryo kurushaho kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry’ibyatsi" na "Cataloge ya tekiniki yo gukoresha mu buryo bwuzuye", n'ibindi, kandi biragaragara. koresha iterambere rya selile ya lisansi Ethanol nkintangiriro yingenzi Intangiriro
"N'ubwo hariho politiki nyinshi zo gushyigikira, ntabwo zigamije kandi ntihabeho umutekano urambye. By'umwihariko inyuma y’ibiciro by’ibiciro bya peteroli biri hasi ugereranyije, inyungu zigaragara zo gukoresha mu buryo bwuzuye umushinga wa peteroli ya selile ya Ethanol mu gukoresha neza ibyatsi. biragoye gukina. " Qiao Yingbin yerekanye.
Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Qiao Yingbin yasabye ko mu rwego rwo guteza imbere iterambere ryihuse kandi ryiza ry’inganda z’inganda za peteroli ya Ethanol y’igihugu cyanjye, hakenewe gushyirwaho uburyo bwo guteza imbere inganda zishingiye ku ngamba zishingiye kuri politiki, gukangurira no kuyobora ishyaka ry’impande zose, kandi tugaharanira kurema ibidukikije byiza byiterambere. Ku bijyanye no gutegura igenamigambi ry’iterambere, hagomba gushyirwaho politiki y’iterambere n’igenamigambi ryihariye ry’inganda za peteroli ya selile; mubijyanye no kubona inganda, gahunda yo gutanga ibikoresho fatizo kumishinga ya peteroli ya Ethanol idasobanutse irasobanutse; muburyo bw'inganda, Imihanda ikomeye kandi iteza imbere amatsinda; mu rwego rwo gushyigikira imari n’imisoro, ibiciro bisobanutse kandi bihamye, imisoro, imari, ishoramari n’izindi politiki z’ingoboka bigomba gushyirwaho, hashyirwaho umusoro kuri peteroli ya Ethanol idafite ingufu. Nyuma yo kugaruka, ibipimo bya peteroli ya Ethanol igipimo cya politiki na politiki bitangizwa vuba bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-07-2022